9. TIMELINES

Year BC

Events (Hyksos kings in underlined italics with reigns from Eusebius, Scholia)

Era

2000

1990

1980

FIRST INTERMEDIATE PERIOD

1970

1960

1957 BC Salitis Occupies Memphis, Builds Avaris

1957 BC Phase 1 of Hyksos Presence
511th year before Exodus (1446 BC): Hyksos Occupation

1950

1940

1930

1938 BC Bnon

1920

1910

1900

1898 BC Archles

1890

1880

1875 BC JOSEPH ARRIVES IN EGYPT A SLAVE

1875 BC 430th year before Exodus (1446 BC)

1870

1868 BC Aphophis
1862 BC JOSEPH EXALTED TO POWER
1861 (to 1855 BC) 7 Years Plenty

1860

1854 (to 1848 BC) 7 Years Famine
1853 BC JACOB-ISRAEL ARRIVES IN EGYPT

MIDDLE BRONZE I
MIDDLE KINGDOM
DYNASTY XII

1850

1840

1830

1820

1810

1808 BC 61st and final year of Aphophis (regnal figure from Josephus, Sothis)

1800

1790

1782 BC JOSEPH’s 110TH AND FINAL YEAR

1780

1770

1760

1750

1740

1730

1720

1710

1700

Hyksos kings of Avaris dominant over most of Egypt from this point on

MIDDLE BRONZE II
Name of Jacob-Har attested in Egypt and Canaan

Phase 2 of Hyksos Presence: c. 1700-1570 BC Ascendancy of Avaris (nowadays incorrectly referred to as “DYNASTY XV”)

1690

1680

1670

1660

1650

1640

1630

1620

1610

1600

War Breaks Out Between Sekenenre Tao of the House of Thebes and a Hyksos king of the later period, called Aphophis

MIDDLE BRONZE III

1590

1580

1570

c. 1570 BC Expulsion of Hyksos from Avaris by Ahmosis I (Tethmosis) of the House of Thebes

Year BC

Kings of Egypt

Events

Era

1570

c. 1570 Ahmosis I (Tethmosis) assumes throne

BEGINNING OF NEW KINGDOM
PHASING IN OF LATE BRONZE IA

1560

Final Defeat of Hyksos in Egypt and Canaan. Oppression of Israelites and Other Remnant Hyksos

1550

c. 1545 BC Amenophis I assumes throne

1540

1530

c. 1524 Thutmosis I assumes throne

Continued Persecution of Israelites

1526 BC. BIRTH OF MOSES-DJEHUTY
He is brought into the court by Hatshepsut, daughter of the great general Thutmosis (later Pharaoh, Thutmosis I) and his wife Ahmes, sister of Amenophis I

1520

1510

1500

1499 BC Thutmosis III (Amosis) co-regent as minor
c. 1494 BC Makare Hatshepsut
having been granted throne by her father, marries
Thutmosis II king in Memphis

1490

c. 1486-1472 BC Ascendancy of Moses-Djehuty in Court of Makare

c. 1486 EXPEDITION TO PUNT (ETHIOPIA)

1480

Retirement of Thutmosis II due to serious skin disease


c. 1473 BC Death of Thutmosis II by poison

Thutmosis III sole ruler c. 1471 BC

c. 1475 Rebuilding of Egyptian Shrines, Resettling of Avaris with remnant Hyksos
c. 1473 BC DEATH OF MAKARE, FLIGHT OF MOSES-DJEHUTY TO MIDIAN
c. 1471 BC Thutmosis III sole ruler

1470

1460

From c. 1456 BC Amenophis II co-regent with Thutmosis III

Campaigns of Victory in Canaan. Settling of Slaves in Avaris

1450

1446 BC Amenophis II sole ruler

SANTORINI EXPLOSION
1446 BC EXODUS UNDER MOSES
Death of Thutmosis III in Red Sea.
Amenophis II sole ruler flees to Ethiopia 13 years

Phase 3 of Hyksos Presence: Subjection of Egypt by the Hand of God under Moses
END OF MIDDLE BRONZE III (or IIC)

1440

c. 1440 BC Suppiluliuma I assumes throne of Hittites

1430

c. 1430 BC Thutmosis IV assumes throne

1420

c. 1420 BC Amenophis III assumes throne

1410

1405 BC FALL OF JERICHO. ISRAELITES BEGIN TO TAKE CANAAN UNDER JOSHUA
From this period on el-Amarna letters sent by kings of Canaan to Amenophis III and Amenophis IV (Akhenaton), pleading for help against Hebrews

END OF LATE BRONZE IA

1400